Berry & Kohn's Operating Room Technique: 1st SAE


Author: Phillips
Edition: 1st SAE
ISBN: 9788131247020
Language: English
Published: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier, India

Berry and Kohn’s Operating Room Technique is designed to meet the needs of educators, learners, caregivers in diverse disciplines, and managerial personnel who care for surgical or interventional patients in many types of environments.

Berry & Kohn's Operating Room Technique:

 1st SAE

About

Berry and Kohn’s Operating Room Technique is designed to meet the needs of educators, learners, caregivers in diverse disciplines, and managerial personnel who care for surgical or interventional patients in many types of environments. Knowing the “why” of patient care is as important as knowing the “how.” Additionally, it is important to stress that outcomes must be evaluated to support evidence-based practice. This text is the book of choice for certification preparation in diverse disciplines and incorporates all elements of the core curricula specified by several accrediting and certifying bodies.

Key Features

  • A user-friendly 12-section arrangement.
  • A logical and sequential order of the subject matter.
  • Incorporation of the AORN Guidelines for Perioperative Practice and AST’s Core Curriculum for Surgical Technology, 6th edition, to reflect modern perioperative practice.
  • A focus on the physiological and psychological considerations of perioperative patients to provide guidelines and standards for planning and implementing safe individualized care.
  • Use of the systems approach as a foundation to support solid evidence-based practice to establish patient care procedures in such a way that all team members can identify their roles in a cooperative spirit of safety and efficiency.
  • In-depth discussion of patients with special needs related to age or health status considerations.
  • Discussion of perioperative patient care in inpatient, ambulatory, and alternative sites/locations to highlight considerations based on the setting, as well as the surgical procedure.
  • Encouragement of the patient care team to identify and examine personal and professional development issues that influence the manner in which care is rendered.
  • Detailed information about the fundamentals of perioperative nursing and surgical technology roles.
  • Building of knowledge in a logical sequence—from fundamental concepts to implementation during surgical intervention— to enable readers to apply theory to practice.
  • Comprehensive coverage of a broad range of essential topics to provide a thorough understanding of fundamental principles and techniques and an understanding of their applications in various surgical procedures.
  • Descriptions of specific surgical procedures in each specialty chapter to assist the learner and caregiver in planning and delivering patient care in the perioperative environment.
  • An Evolve website that has learning and teaching aids to enhance the classroom experience and support assimilation of knowledge. For the student, this includes tips for the scrub person and circulating nurse, historical perspectives, student interactive questions, and a glossary. For the instructor, this includes a TEACH manual with a lesson plan, lecture outline, case studies and PowerPoint slides for each chapter; test bank; and collection of all the images in the book.

Table of Contents

Section 1: Fundamentals of Theory
and Practice
1 Perioperative Education, 1
The Art and Science of Surgery, 2
Perioperative Learner, 2
Perioperative Educator, 5
Application of Theory to Practice, 10
Expected Behaviors of Perioperative Caregivers, 10
Realities of Clinical Practice, 12
2 Foundations of Perioperative Patient Care
Standards, 15
Surgical Conscience, 15
Patient Rights, 16
Accountability, 16
Standardization of Patient Care, 16
Recommended Practices, 19
Professionalism, 25
Professional Perioperative Nursing, 25
Evidence-Based Practice, 26
Nursing Process, 26
Standards of Perioperative Nursing Practice, 28
Clinical Competency of the Perioperative Nurse, 32
Scope of Perioperative Nursing Practice, 32
Surgical Technology, 32
Standards of Practice for Surgical Technologists, 33
Clinical Competency of the Surgical Technologist, 33
Continual Performance Evaluation and
Improvement, 34
3 Legal, Regulatory, and Ethical Issues, 36
Legal Issues, 36
Liability, 37
TJC and Sentinel Events, 40
Consent, 41
Documentation of Perioperative Patient Care, 45
Legal Aspects of Drugs and Medical Devices, 48
Ethical Issues, 49
Section 2: The Perioperative
Patient Care Team
4 The Perioperative Patient Care Team and
Professional Credentialing, 53
Dependence of the Patient on the Qualified Team, 53
Credentialing of Qualified Caregivers, 54
Perioperative Patient Care Team, 54
5 The Surgical First Assistant, 61
First Assistant’s Knowledge and Skill Level, 62
What Does the First Assistant Do?, 63
Disciplines Associated with First-Assisting in
Surgery, 69
6 Administration of Perioperative Patient Care
Services, 75
Establishing Administrative Roles, 75
Interdepartmental Relationships, 80
Patient Care Departments, 80
Patient Services Departments, 81
Departmental Service Divisions, 82
Coordination Through Committees, 83
Surgical Services Management, 86
Budgeting and Financial Responsibility, 90
New Product and Equipment Evaluation, 92
Section 3: The Patient as a Unique
Individual
7 The Patient: The Reason for Your Existence, 94
The Patient as an Individual, 94
The Patient with Individualized Needs, 97
The Patient with Cancer, 104
The Patient with Chronic Comorbid Disease, 111
The Patient Who Is a Victim of Crime, 113
End-of-Life Care, 116
Death of a Patient in the Operating Room, 116
8 Perioperative Pediatrics, 118
Indications for Surgery, 118
Considerations in Perioperative Pediatrics, 119
Perioperative Assessment of the Pediatric Patient, 120
Preoperative Psychological Preparation of Pediatric
Patients, 127
Pediatric Anesthesia, 128
Intraoperative Pediatric Patient Care Considerations, 132
Common Surgical Procedures, 134
Postoperative Pediatric Patient Care, 151
9 Perioperative Geriatrics, 153
Perspectives on Aging, 153
Perioperative Assessment of the Geriatric Patient, 156
Intraoperative Considerations, 165
Postoperative Considerations, 166
Contents
xiv Contents
Section 4: The Perioperative
Environment
10 Physical Facilities, 167
Physical Layout of the Surgical Suite, 168
Transition Zones, 169
Peripheral Support Areas, 170
Operating Room, 173
Special Procedure Rooms, 183
Construction or Renovation of the Surgical Suite, 184
11 Ambulatory Surgery Centers and Alternative
Surgical Locations, 187
Ambulatory Surgical Setting, 187
Alternative Sites Where Surgery Is Performed, 195
12 Care of the Perioperative Environment, 200
Standards for Cleanliness in the Surgical
Environment, 200
Establishing the Surgical Environment, 200
Room Turnover Between Patients, 202
Daily Terminal Cleaning, 205
13 Potential Sources of Injury to the Caregiver
and the Patient, 207
Environmental Hazards, 207
Physical Hazards and Safeguards, 208
Chemical Hazards and Safeguards, 220
Biologic Hazards and Safeguards, 222
Risk Management, 224
Section 5: Surgical Asepsis and
Sterile Technique
14 Surgical Microbiology and Antimicrobial
Therapy, 227
Microorganisms: Nonpathogens Versus Pathogens, 228
Types of Pathogenic Microorganisms, 232
Antimicrobial Therapy, 242
15 Principles of Aseptic and Sterile Techniques, 248
What Is the Difference Between Aseptic and Sterile
Techniques?, 249
Transmission of Microorganisms, 250
Human-Borne Sources of Contamination, 250
Nonhuman Factors in Contamination, 251
Sources of Infection, 252
Environmental Controls, 252
Standard Precautions, 254
Principles of Sterile Technique, 256
No Compromise of Sterility, 261
16 Appropriate Attire, Surgical Hand Hygiene,
and Gowning and Gloving, 263
Appropriate Operating Room Attire, 264
Surgical Hand Hygiene, 273
Gowning and Gloving, 275
17 Decontamination and Disinfection, 283
Central Processing Department, 283
Central Service Personnel, 284
Instrument Cleaning and Decontamination, 284
Disinfection of Items Used in Patient Care, 289
Methods of Disinfection, 289
Disposable Products, 297
18 Sterilization, 300
Sterilization versus Disinfection, 301
Sterilization, 301
Assembly of Instrument Sets, 302
Packaging Instruments and Other Items for
Sterilization, 304
Thermal Sterilization, 307
Chemical Sterilization, 313
Radiation Sterilization, 320
Control Measures, 320
Custom Packs, 322
Section 6: Surgical Instrumentation
and Equipment
19 Surgical Instrumentation, 324
Fabrication of Metal Instruments, 324
Classification of Instruments, 325
Handling Instruments, 342
20 Specialized Surgical Equipment, 346
Using Specialized Equipment in Surgery, 347
Electrosurgery, 347
Laser Surgery, 350
Microsurgery, 357
Ultrasonosurgery, 362
Integrated Technologies, 363
Section 7: Preoperative Patient Care
21 Preoperative Preparation of the Patient, 364
Hospitalized Patient, 364
Preoperative Preparation of All Patients, 364
Transportation to the Operating Room Suite, 374
Admission to the Operating Room Suite, 375
22 Diagnostics, Specimens, and Oncologic
Considerations, 379
Diagnosing Pathology, 380
Specimens and Pathologic Examination, 380
Radiologic Examination, 383
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 388
Nuclear Medicine Studies, 389
Ultrasonography, 390
Sensory Evoked Potential, 391
Plethysmography, 391
Endoscopy, 392
The Patient with Cancer, 392
Contents xv
Section 8: Pharmacology and
Anesthesia
23 Surgical Pharmacology, 403
Pharmacology Baselines, 404
Considerations in Surgical Pharmacology, 407
Surgical Drug and Pharmaceutical Sources, 409
Pharmacologic Forms Used in Surgery, 410
Potential Complications Caused by Pharmaceuticals and
Herbal Medicine, 412
24 Anesthesia: Techniques and Agents, 414
The Art and Science of Anesthesia, 415
Choice of Anesthesia, 415
Anesthesia State, 415
Knowledge of Anesthetics, 416
Types of Anesthesia, 416
Alternatives to Conventional Anesthesia, 445
Section 9: Intraoperative Patient Care
25 Coordinated Roles of the Scrub Person and the
Circulating Nurse, 447
Division of Duties, 447
Efficiency of the Operating Room Team, 475
26 Positioning, Prepping, and Draping the
Patient, 479
Preliminary Considerations, 479
Anatomic and Physiologic Considerations, 484
Equipment for Positioning, 486
Surgical Positions, 492
Physical Preparation and Draping of the Surgical
Site, 498
27 Physiologic Maintenance and Monitoring
of the Perioperative Patient, 514
Monitoring Physiologic Functions, 514
Section 10: Surgical Site Management
28 Surgical Incisions, Implants, and Wound
Closure, 529
The Surgical Incision, 529
Surgical Landmarks, 534
Wound Closure, 537
29 Wound Healing and Hemostasis, 559
Mechanism of Wound Healing, 560
Types of Wounds, 561
Factors Influencing Wound Healing, 562
Hemostasis, 565
Wound Management, 574
Complications of Wound Healing, 579
Postoperative Wound Infections, 581
Wound Assessment, 582
Basic Wound Care, 582
Section 11: Perianesthesia and
Postprocedural Patient Care
30 Postoperative Patient Care, 585
Postanesthesia Care, 585
Admission to the Postanesthesia Care Unit, 587
Discharge from the Postanesthesia Care Unit, 589
31 Potential Perioperative Complications, 591
Potential for Complications During and After
Surgery, 591
Respiratory Complications, 592
Cardiovascular Complications, 595
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances, 606
Blood Volume Complications, 608
Shock, 615
Metabolic Crises, 616
Iatrogenic Injury, 619
Section 12: Surgical Specialties
32 Endoscopy and Robotic-Assisted Surgery, 621
Eight Essential Elements of Endoscopy, 621
Knowledge and Skill for a Safe Endoscopic
Environment, 629
Types of Endoscopic Procedures, 629
Hazards of Endoscopy, 631
Care of Endoscopes, 631
Considerations for Patient Safety, 632
Duties of the Assistant for Flexible Endoscopy, 633
Robotic-Assisted Endoscopy, 633
33 General Surgery, 637
Special Considerations for General Surgery, 637
Breast Procedures, 639
Abdominal Procedures, 643
Liver Procedures, 646
Splenic Procedures, 647
Pancreatic Procedures, 648
Esophageal Procedures, 649
Gastrointestinal Surgery, 650
Intestinal Procedures, 654
Colorectal Procedures, 659
Abdominal Trauma, 661
Anorectal Procedures, 663
Hernia Procedures, 665
Amputation of Extremities, 666
34 Gynecologic and Obstetric Surgery, 669
Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Reproductive
System, 670
Gynecology: General Considerations, 673
Diagnostic Techniques, 674
Vulvar Procedures, 678
Vaginal Procedures, 679
Abdominal Procedures, 683
Perioperative Obstetrics, 686
Complicated Birth, 690
Assisted Reproduction, 694
Nonobstetric Surgical Procedures and the Pregnant
Patient, 696
xvi Contents
35 Urologic Surgery, 701
Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System, 701 Special Features of Urologic Surgery, 704
Surgical Procedures of the Genitourinary System, 708
Male Reproductive Organs, 719
Endocrine Glands, 728
Transsexual Surgery (Sex Reassignment), 728
Postoperative Complications of Urologic Surgery, 729
36 Orthopedic Surgery, 730
The Art and Science of Orthopedic Surgery, 730
Anatomy and Physiology of the Musculoskeletal
System, 731
Special Features of Orthopedic Surgery, 734
Extremity Procedures, 739
Fractures, 739
Joint Procedures, 744
Repair of Tendons and Ligaments, 752
Cast Application, 753
Complications After Orthopedic Surgery, 756
37 Neurosurgery of the Brain and Peripheral
Nerves, 758
Anatomy and Physiology of the Brain, 758
Special Considerations in Neurosurgery, 760
Patient Care Considerations for Craniotomy, 763
Surgical Procedures of the Cranium, 766
Peripheral Nerve Surgery, 773
38 Spinal Surgery, 776
Anatomy and Physiology of the Spinal Cord and Vertebral
Column, 776
Special Considerations for Spinal Surgery, 780
Pathology of the Vertebrae and Spinal Cord, 784
Surgical Procedures of the Spine, 787
39 Ophthalmic Surgery, 794
Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye, 794
Ophthalmic Surgical Patient Care, 795
Special Features of Ophthalmic Surgery, 797
Ocular Surgical Procedures, 800
Eye Injuries, 811
Ophthalmic Lasers, 812
40 Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 814
Special Features of Plastic and Reconstructive
Surgery, 814
Skin and Tissue Grafting, 817
Head and Neck Plastic and Reconstructive
Procedures, 824
Plastic and Reconstructive Procedures of Other
Body Areas, 827
Burns, 833
41 Otorhinolaryngologic and Head and Neck
Surgery, 839
General Considerations in Ear, Nose, and Throat
Procedures, 839
Ear, 842
Nose, 847
Oral Cavity and Throat, 851
Neck, 854
Face and Skull, 862
42 Thoracic Surgery, 869
Anatomy and Physiology of the Thorax, 869
Special Features of Thoracic Surgery, 872
Thoracic Surgical Procedures, 880
Chest Trauma, 882
Intrathoracic Esophageal Procedures, 883
Complications of Thoracic Surgery, 884
43 Cardiac Surgery, 886
Anatomy of the Heart and Great Vessels, 886
Physiology of the Heart, 888
Special Features of Cardiac Surgery, 888
Cardiac Surgical Procedures, 896
Mechanical Assist Devices, 903
Complications of Cardiac Surgery, 907
44 Vascular Surgery, 909
Anatomy and Physiology of the Vascular System, 909
Vascular Pathology, 911
Diagnostic Procedures, 912
Special Features of Vascular Surgery, 914
Conservative Interventional Techniques, 917
Vascular Surgical Procedures, 919
45 Organ Procurement and Transplantation, 930
Types of Transplants, 930
Tissue Transplantation, 930
Organ Transplantation, 933"